Today's speech is a bit complex and was then put yourself sitting there with his head. Eventually you will see that it's worth it.
universe, as well as what you see (planets, galaxies, nebulae, ...) there is a mix of crazy cosmic rays. It is radiation that come from all over the world, such as explosion, also distant in time, of very massive stars. To be clear not to take anything for granted and we also say that radiation is a spontaneous emission of particles from some materials and we use that time to read this article more than 50,000 cosmic rays through the body. So much to say.
When, therefore, such a lance star explodes at a speed that borders on that of light particles also "charged" not perceptible to the human eye, which bombard the earth continuously. When these particles collide with the Earth's atmosphere will generate molecules such as carbon 14, present in tree rings and beryllium 10 in ice that is deposited instead. Reading these isotopes allows us to know at what intensity of the bombardment has been the subject land in the past. But not all. Cosmic rays, from what I understand, having a multitude of sources of origin (the universe) are mostly constant, what makes them change is the influence on them and on the ground of Sun.
The sun's magnetic field is very large and sensitive. Usually extends to a radius of 13 billion km, but when the magnetic activity increases, it may reach 16 billion miles. The land is in any case in full. The sun's magnetic field deflects the cosmic ray particles that are sensitive to it as electrically charged particles, as they say. Now, the sun is more active and more cosmic rays are deflected, leaving fewer traces in ancient trees and ice. This is a barely perceptible process, but we use every day, just think that the traditional cathode ray tubes for televisions are based on the use of its magnetism to deflect charged particles.
particles of carbon-14 and beryllium 10 tell us something about the bombings in the past, but we have a "flashing much more affordable for everyone, even for the current changes: they are the sunspots. In fact, the number of sunspots visible even with a modest telescope at home, on the sun, an indicator of solar activity, which has a lifetime of about 11 years. But have a close relationship with the bombardment of cosmic rays, in fact, the greater the solar activity (presence of diffuse staining on the sun) the greater the impact of the magnetic field of the sun with sun rays that are deflected as a result more or less depending on the intensity of the magnetic sun. E minor, therefore is on the ground track of these isotopes from the universe. Briefly: many sunspots solar magnetic activity = good = a few cosmic rays. And vice versa.
will say, who cares about us' sti cosmic rays? There
cares, there cares. Why these tiny travelers mad and many are involved on all unprotected electrical equipment from the atmosphere (space station, satellites), which then must have a special screening because it allows us to study particle physics, in laboratories such as the Gran Sasso , and from these studies may be out of everything. In fact, among the secondary particles produced in interactions of cosmic rays with the atmosphere land or in the laboratory, there are only those that make up ordinary matter (electrons, protons and neutrons), but other then unknown in nature. For now we have discovered the positron and the muon which demonstrated the existence of antimatter. There
care but also because the climate changes on earth does not depend on the intensity of the magnetic sun, which with its 11-year cycle is a variation of light and heat of negligible importance, but ultraviolet rays. The sun not only generates heat but also radiation with wavelengths that are invisible at the end of the spectrum, which are subject to the same periodic variations that we measure with sunspots.
The ultraviolet rays react with oxygen to form ozone, located between 20 and 50 km above the ground level. The ozone layer, as we know, surrounds and protects our planet. When you experience the peak of the solar maximum ozone level increases by 3%. It is a delicate balance. Shortly ozone, as too, there could be lethal.
So a period of solar minimum can help a massive influx of cosmic rays will test the ozone layer. The higher the action of cosmic rays and the greater the amount of chlorine released from the clouds and ready to react and destroy ozone.
If you add to this a land-based activities, which in turn produce the elements that destroy ozone, just as the clofluorocarburi, our protection is found under serious threat, and starts to water, or "holes", not really beneficial to our health. The clurofluorocarburi in particular, were used in refrigerators and air conditioners. Now from what I know, no more, but also continues to widen the hole, and I will stop here because otherwise the discussion becomes too long.
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